by Amanda Lively, FNP-C

January is National Cervical Cancer Awareness Month, a time to educate and empower individuals about cervical cancer, its prevention, and the importance of regular screenings. With over 13,000 women in the United States diagnosed annually and more than 4,000 lives lost, raising awareness and taking proactive steps can make a difference.

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer develops when abnormal changes occur in the lining of the cells in the cervix, the lower section of the uterus. The most common cause of cervical cancer is the human papillomavirus (HPV), a prevalent virus that can infect both teens and adults. HPV has both low-risk types, which cause warts, and high-risk types, which can lead to cervical, oral, throat, and anal cancers.

How Can You Prevent Cervical Cancer?

While there is no treatment for HPV itself, the Gardasil vaccine offers significant protection against the virus. Recommended for individuals aged 9-45, Gardasil is a series of two or three shots that has been shown to be over 90% effective at preventing HPV infections. Receiving the vaccine can dramatically reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.

The Importance of Regular Screenings

Even with vaccination, regular screenings are essential. A pap smear is the primary test used to detect cervical cancer. During the procedure, a healthcare provider collects cervical cells to be evaluated in a lab.

• Ages 21-29: Pap smears are recommended every three years.
• Ages 30-65: Pap smears, combined with HPV testing, are recommended every five years.

If abnormalities are detected, your provider may adjust your screening schedule to monitor changes more closely. Regular screenings can catch abnormalities early, allowing for effective intervention before they progress.

Take Action for Your Health

Cervical cancer is preventable, and early detection saves lives. Stay up to date with your pap smears, discuss vaccination with your provider, and prioritize your health this January and beyond.